KEY WORDS: Seeds Germination Seedlings Temperature Embryo Monocot Dicot.
Seeds are used to grow many foods we eat. Seeds are mostly found in fruits. Some common seeds are mango, seed orange seed, maize seed and grains.
We are going to identify how some common seeds such as maize seed and bean seed germinate. The process by which seeds grow into seedlings is known as Germination.
Parts of a seed: A seed has three main parts. These are: 1. The seed coat, 2. The embryo. 3. The seed leave.
- The seed coat: The seed coat is what covers the the seed. Its function is to protect what is inside the seed from any harm. Some seeds like maize and bean seeds have hard coats while some seeds like tomatoes and pepper seeds have soft coats.
2. The embryo: The embryo is a very important part of very seed. The embryo which is also known as the baby plant is found inside the seed. When the seed has all the right conditions it need to grow, it is the embryo that germinate into seedling.
3. The food store/The seed leaf: The seed leaf is the part of the seed that supplies food to the embryo. The seed leaf also provide the nutrients needed for the growth of the embryo (baby plant).
Some seeds germinate with only one seed leaf. An example is the maize seed. Other seeds germinate with two leaves. An example is the bean seed. Seeds that germinate with one leaf is called monocots and seeds that germinate with two leaves are called dicots. When seeds are planted and they give the right conditions, they grow to become big or adult plants. Plants need certain basic things to live and grow into big or adult plants. The right conditions seeds need to help them grow include: 1. Air (oxygen) 2. Water 3. Temperature All seeds need Water, Air, and proper temperature to germinate.
Germination of bean seed:
When bean seed is planted and watered for some days, the seed absorbs the water from the soil. The embryo which is the baby plant in the seed begins to swell bigger and bigger. The seed coat of the bean seed begins to peel off after three days. This will give way to the root to shoot downwards into the soil. The root takes inn water from the soil. The water gives energy to the growing embryo to sprout after 3 days to 5 days. The seed seed split open and baby shoot out of the soil upwards. The embryo sprouts with two tiny leaves and the baby stem begins to curl up. It takes a bean seed about 7-10 days to germinate fully.
Key Points To Remember:
- Plants are ;living things that grow from the soil.
- The parts of the plants are: the root, the stem, the leaves, and the flowers.
- The part of the plant found in the soil is the root.
- The of the plant found above the soil is the shoot. The shoots are the stem, the leaves and the flowers.
- The right conditions needed for seeds to grow are: 1. Air(Oxygen) 2. Water. 3. Temperature.